by

Definitions

1. 1.
   forms the conditional mood; would, would've

   • On by tam nie poszedł./On nie poszedłby tam.

     He would not go there.

2. 2.
   creates a clause in the subjunctive mood:

   • Chciałbym, by poszła do domu.

     I'd like her to go home.

   • Near-synonyms: bodaj, bodajby, byle, byleby, niech, niechaj, niechajże, niechby, niechże, oby

   • Bym zdał ten egzamin.

     I'd better have passed this exam.

Synonyms & related words